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LinksLinks to other websites are provided for the readers exploration and consideration. Listing of a link does not imply endorsement by the Pennsylvania Land Trust Association. Links are provided in the following categories:
AdministrationEBase AdvocacyLobby Local Government Officials, Advocate Legislation A brochure with good advice on the basics of nonprofit lobbying. LTA Fact Sheet - Lobbying 101 for Land Trusts This document is one of a series of fact sheets and reference materials produced by the Land Trust Alliance. Please contact LTA for additional information or to order materials. Nonprofit Advocacy Brochure http://www.allianceforjustice.org The Alliance for Justice is a national association of public interest organizations spanning a range of issues, including civil rights, social justice, and consumer and environmental protection. Worry-Free Lobbying For Nonprofits: How To Use The 501(h) Election This publication was wrote to stimulate the interest of foundations and public charities to explore how lobbying can be conducted legally and effectively via the 501(h) election. AppraisalsAppraisal Directory A national directory of residential & commercial real estate appraisers, real estate appraisal resources and school information. AppraisalOrder.com http://http;//www.appraisalorder.com National directory of real estate appraisers. Appraiser Guide A fast, comprehensive and reliable online directory where lenders and mortgage brokers can conveniently find and do business with qualified real estate appraisers nationwide. Appraisers.com The oldest existing Real Estate Appraiser listing service on the Internet. Appraisers R USA A nationwide listing service specializing in qualified Licensed/Certified real estate appraisers. Our site is designed to quickly network qualified appraisers with mortgage professionals. Conservation Easements & Appraisals Fact Sheet - This material is designed to provide accurate, authoritative information in regard to the subject matter covered. It is provided with the understanding that the Land Trust Alliance is not engaged in rendering legal, accounting, or other professional counsel. If legal advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of competent professionals should be sought. IRS APPRAISAL REQUIREMENTS IRS Issued Guidance on the New Law Affecting Appraisers/Appraisels Guidance Regarding Appraisal Requirements for Noncash Charitable Contributions Land Trust Standards & Practices (2004): Appraisers/Appraisals Land Trust Standards & Practices that specifically relate to appraisals. Non-Cash Contributions: Qualified Appraisals & Valuation Penalties for... http://www.cof.org/files/Documents/Government/Charitable%20Reform%20Resource%20Center/06QualAppraisN Fact Sheet on Section 1219 of the Pension Protection Act of 2006 (H.R. 4) increases penalties on overvaluation and undervaluation of non-cash property on donors and appraisers. Yellow Book Appraisal Standards This is the fifth edition of the Uniform Appraisal Standards for Federal Land Acquisitions. The Standards were originally published in 1971 with the most recent revision published in 1992. The existing Standards have earned a prestigious position. They are frequently cited by Congress in AuditsEasement Audits in Colorado: What Can We Learn From Them? Lessons learned by the Colarado Coalition of Land Trusts when dealing with the IRS in terms of their auditing procedures. Case Law Review by Frone Crawford, Jr.Case Law Review (Fall 2002) This installation of Case Law Review focuses on three recent decisions dealing with the validity of land use regulations. The first is the most recent decision from the United States Supreme Court dealing with the concept of “regulatory takings.” The second and third are both Pennsylvania Commonwealth Court decisions. One deals with the issues of lot size and protection of environmentally sensitive land, and the other deals with quarrying. Case Law Review (Fall 2003) The focus of this edition of Case Law Review is the recent Pennsylvania Supreme Court decision in C&M Developers, Inc. v. Bedminster Township ZHB, a decision which has proven to be difficult to fully comprehend or predict how it will be applied in future cases. In addition, this edition includes a review of the first appellate court decision dealing with the new “forestry” provisions in Article VI of the Municipalities Planning Code (MPC), requiring all municipalities to allow timber harvesting as a use by right. Case Law Review (Spring 2005) This article highlights three land use cases of interest. The first is from the Pennsylvania Supreme Court, with the Opinion having been written by Justice Lamb just before his departure from the bench. The second is a thorough analysis of the types of issues that will not justify the denial of a subdivision or land development plan. The third is a classic example of what happens when municipal subdivision and land development requirements—here involving tree replacement—go beyond the bounds of reasonableness. Case Law Review (Summer 2007) Billboards: The regulatory process 42 years after the Federal Highway Beautification Act Case Law Review (Winter 2004) The Pennsylvania Supreme Court during the last few years has taken a more active role in reviewing land use cases. 2003 saw the Pennsylvania Supreme Court hand down several decisions, coinciding as well with Justice William Lamb’s tenure on the Court. Three of the Supreme Court’s important decisions were authored by Justice Lamb during the final months of his tenure and these three decisions will be the subject of this Article. It is fair to say that while Justice Lamb’s tenure on the Court was brief, his insight into land use issues as reflected in these three cases is clear evidence that he well served the citizens of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania during his term on the Court. CollaborationAllegheny Land Trust Colloboration Feasibility Study Dewey & Kaye was asked to study the potential for greater collaboration among local land trusts and conservation groups in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. Nine local organizations, ranging from all-volunteer local land trusts to a regional-scale organization, participated. A steering committee, comprised of representatives from four participating land trusts, worked with Dewey & Kaye to plan and coordinate the project. LTA Fact Sheet: Backup Grantees It is vital that every land trust consider what will happen to its assets if the organization ceases to exist or can no longer steward or administer its easements. Land trusts should have a contingency plan for all of their easements in case of such events. One strategy is to include backup or contingency provisions in the easement. While there are variations on this practice, a backup or “executory” interest grantee is usually empowered to enforce an easement if the original grantee fails to do so, or to take over an easement if the original grantee can no longer manage it. Communication Samples (brochures, annual report, etc)LVC Sample Fundraising Letter I Sample fundraising letter that targets individuals that have given to the organization in the past. Mid-Atlantic Karst Conservancy The Mid-Atlantic Karst Conservancy general brochure. What they do, who they are and interesting information about PA caves and karsts. Northcentral Pennsylvania Conservancy Report to Membership Northcentral Pennsylvania Conservancy's most recent newsletter Well Preserved Updates from Neighborhood Gardens Association The Neighborhood Gardens Association is a land trust working to conserve gardens in Philadelphia. Conservation Easement Implementation GuidesBrandywine Conservancy Easement Project Checklist Detailed checklist for managing conservation easement transactions. Conservation Easements: A Professional Guide http://www.galandtrust.org/PDF%20files/GLT%20Professionals%20Guide%20to%20CE.pdf A Continuing Education Workshop presented by Georgia Land Trust Guidance on the Phasing of Conservation Easements for Colorado Entities Describes planned phasing projects that can have the mutual benefits of achieving an organization’s conservation objectives while still maximizing the landowner’s financial goals. Guidelines on Purchase of Land & Conservation Easements Heritage Conservancy Acquisition Checklist A detailed easement acquisition checklist for land trusts and conservancies based on best practices and real life experiences. Land Protection Agreement Checklist This checklist describes the types of restrictions and conditions that could be included in a Land Protection Agreement. Not every item will be in every Agreement or will necessarily apply to all parts of a property. It depends on the property and the goals of the landowner and the Land Conservancy. The purpose of this checklist is to provide the background for a discussion between the landowner and the Land Conservancy about the possible terms of a Land Protection Agreement. We hope that the questions and information in each subject area will help you to think about what you value about your property and how you could protect it. Sharing Stewardship http://www.sharingstewardship.org/ SharingStewardship.org is a freely accessible assessment resource for land conservation organizations. We hope this site will be of use to your organization, and encourage your participation in future development of the program. Steps for Creating a Conservation Easement Simple steps for landowners interested in pursuing a conservation easement. Conservation Easement ProfessionalsPregmon Law Offices Patricia L. Pregmon, Esq. has presented on "Co-holding Conservation Easements" at the Pennsylvania Land Conservation Conference. Saul Ewing LLP http://www.saul.com/welcome.htm George Asimos, Esq. has presented on "Bullet-Proof Boilerplate" at the Pennsylvania Land Conservation Conference. Stephen J. Small, Esq. Stephen J. Small is recognized as the nation's leading authority on private land protection options and strategies Conservation ToolsActive Living & Social Equity: Creating Healthy Communities... This guide includes: an introduction to the connections between active living and social equity; strategies for promoting active living and social equity in key issue areas, such as walkability and pedestrian safety, bicycling, open space, land use, transportation infrastructure, economic development, school-based strategies, and nutrition access; case studies of successful local initiatives from around the country; and implementation strategies, such as funding, regional collaboration, engaging partners, and promoting awareness of active living and social equity. A Guide to Preserving Agricultural Lands in the Chesapeake Bay Region A primer on the benefits of farmland preservation and a comprehensive list of available tools. Conservation Capital: Sources of Private Funding for Land Conservation The guide covers familiar strategies, including bargain sales and private philanthropy, and it explains novel approaches, such as tapping new-markets tax credits and forming partnerships with a new generation of corporations that own forest lands. Throughout, Ingerson shows how these tools can make land protection both more affordable and more effective in an era of shrinking public dollars for conservation. Conservation Easements A short article discussing the basic concepts of the conservation easement. Conservation Easements Brochure Conservation Easements: Ohio State University Fact Sheet Coordinating Opposite Approaches to Managing Urban Growth & Curbing Sprawl The purchase of development rights to farmland and open space has recently gained in popularity as a growth management tool. A purchase of development rights program pays the landowner for the unearned increment in exchange for strong deed restrictions, limiting the use of the property. On the other hand, land value taxation, a modification of Henry George's Single Tax, would tax land more heavily than improvements, thus encouraging the development of land. While land value taxation and the purchase of development rights appear to be opposing fiscal policies, they could be employed together as part of a regional planning strategy to encourage in-fill development within and near cities and to curb sprawl by retaining farm, forest, and ranch lands. Ensuring Sustainable Forestry Through Working Forest Conservation Easements in the Northeast....This report includes a survey of three working forest easements and evaluates how well each easement and its related documents ensures sustainable forestry. Land Protection Options, Revised 2nd Edition In-depth introduction to tools, programs, partners and other resources for Minnesota landowners who want to preserve their land. Explains options such as easements, deed restrictions, and mutual covenants in lay terms. Includes landowner profiles, a decision-making checklist, and tax and land management considerations. The Nature Conservancy, Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, The Trust for Public Land, and The Minnesota Land Trust LTA Fact Sheet - Co-holding Conservation Easement This document is one of a series of fact sheets and reference materials produced by the Land Trust Alliance. Please contact us for additional information or to order materials. LTA Fact Sheet: Conservation Buyer Transactions This document is one of a series of fact sheets and reference materials produced by the Land Trust Alliance. Please contact us for additional information or to order materials. Pennsylvania Agricultural Conservation Easement Purchase Program Reinventing Conservation Easements: A Critical Examination and Ideas for R Part One of this report provides an introduction to some of the issues arising from conservation easements, as foretold at the time of the enactment of the federal laws that granted them tax subsidies. Part One also describes the reasons why the public has a stake in conservation easements and in their content and governance. Part Two provides a Primer on Land Trusts and Conservation Easements, including defining terms, providing historical context and reporting current trends and a preview of the future problems that they present. Part Three specifically discusses issues emanating from conservation easements and evaluates a number of alternative ways to resolve them. Site Conservation Planning Manual for Wisconsin’s Land Trust Community http://www.gatheringwaters.org/wilandtrusts_siteplanmanual.php The structure of this document is meant to act as a manual for site conservation planning for Wisconsin’s land trust community. The manual is broken down into five distinct sections, each of which are designed to help guide the reader through the process of creating a site conservation plan. The sections are as follows: Wetlands Reserve Program Fact Sheet CREP & Riparian BuffersConservation Reserve Enhancement (CREP) Fact Sheet http://www.fsa.usda.gov/pas/publications/facts/html/crep03.htm CREP Frequently Asked Questions (PGC) http://www.pgc.state.pa.us/pgc/cwp/view.asp?A=483&QUESTION_ID=151476 CREP Questions & Answers (USDA) DEP Stream Bank Fencing Program Fact Sheet The McKenzie Creek Clean-up Project http://www.cityofpiedmont.com/mccp.html A Case History of Floodplain Acquisition and Greenway Development Understanding the Science Behind Riparian Forest Buffers http://www.ext.vt.edu/pubs/forestry/420-151/420-151.html The riparian area is that area of land located immediately adjacent to streams, lakes, or other surface waters. Some would describe it as the floodplain. The boundary of the riparian area and the adjoining uplands is gradual and not always well-defined. However, riparian areas differ from the uplands because of high levels of soil moisture, frequent flooding, and the unique assemblage of plant and animal communities found there. Through the interaction of their soils, hydrology, and biotic communities, riparian forests maintain many important physical, biological, and ecological functions, and important social benefits. Eminent Domain & TakingsTaking of Land by Townships for Recreational & Open Space Purposes http://conserveland.org/features/felderarticle A review of the recent court case, Middletown Township v. Lands of Stone, in which the Commonwealth Court upheld a 2nd class township's right to condemn land for open space. EthicsPrinciples for Good Governance and Ethical Practice (Reference Edition) A guide for charities & foundations. Federal Government AgenciesEPA Resources Management http://www.epa.gov/ebtpages/enviresourcesmanagement.html The EPA manages a number of programs that offer guidance to local governments, businesses and other organizations on managing and conserving their natural resources. The Environmental Monitoring for Public Access and Community Tracking Program brings people up-to-date environmental information that can be implemented in day-to-day life. Other Agency initiatives target water resources, non-point air pollution sources and resource planning for small communities. USDA Forest Service The Forest Service was established in 1905 and is an agency of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The Forest Service manages public lands in national forests and grasslands, which encompass 193 million acres. more » USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service The Natural Resources Conservation Service provides leadership in a partnership effort to help people conserve, maintain, and improve our natural resources and environment. Funding ProgramsBureau of Recreation and Conservation Brochure http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/brc/RECBROCHURE2003.pdf Provides an overview of the grant programs and other services available from the Bureau of Recreation and Conservation. Coastal Zone Grant Program Fact Sheet The Pennsylvania Coastal Zone Management Program (PCZMP) works to enhance the Commonwealth’s capacity to manage the natural, recreational, and historic resources of its two geographically distinct Coastal Zones and coastal watersheds. Financing Municipal Recreation and Parks http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/brc/Finance_Handbook.pdf This resource guide is designed to help staff and volunteers responsible for managing municipal recreation and parks services wade through the maze of financing possibilities. Whether you are a rookie or an experienced veteran, this publication will be helpful. PA Coastal Zone Grant Program Information and Application (Southeastern PA) http://www.dvrpc.org/planning/environmental/water/czm.htm This document is intended to provide applicants with guidance necessary to apply for Pennsylvania Coaztal Zone Management (CZM) Program grants, including information concerning eligibility, activities that may be funded, federal funding conditions and application procedures. Pennsylvania's Delaware Estuary coastal zone extends for 57 miles along the Delaware River from Marcus Hook in Delaware County to Morrisville in Bucks County, and from the mouth of the Schuylkill River to the Fairmount Dam in Philadelphia. PA DCNR Grant Programs - Descriptions http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/brc/grants/general02.aspx Desciptions of PA DCNR's current grant programs including Growing Greener, grants for land acquisition and facilities development, trail construction, etc. PA DCNR Grants Web Page http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/brc/grants/ On-line forms, deadlines, and submission information for all of the PA Department of Conservation and Natural Resources (PA DCNR) grant programs to municipal government and qualified non-profits. Fundraising & MarketingA Guide to Funding Recreation & Conservation Projects http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/brc/fundingbrc.pdf A basic guide for local governments, non profit organizations and citizen.s Backup_grantees.pdf This document is one of a series of fact sheets and reference materials produced by the Land Trust Alliance. Please contact LTA for additional information or to order materials. Central Pennsylvania Conservancy Fundraising Plan (February 2006) Countryside Conservancy 2007-2009 Fundraising Plan These plans are intended to guide the Conservancy’s work and help it prioritize its activities. This Fundraising Plan is an outcome of the 2006 retreat. eNonprofit Benchmark Study This study provides a snapshot of key metrics & benchmarks for nonproft e-mail communications, online fundraising & online advocacy, primarily taken from an in-depth review of statistics from 15 non profit organizations. LTA Fact Sheet - Grantseeking This document is one of a series of fact sheets and reference materials produced by the Land Trust Alliance. Please contact us for additional information or to order materials. LTA Fact Sheet: Planned Giving This document is one of a series of fact sheets and reference materials produced by the Land Trust Alliance. Please contact us for additional information or to order materials. LVC Corporate Partnership Program Sample sponsorship program targeted at corporate and private businesses. LVC Fundraising/Marketing Outreach Plan Sample plan to develop effective fundraising practices and stronger membership program. Stewardship Costs Calculator Worksheet to Calculate Stewardship Costs and Endowment Needs for Property under Protection Agreement with the Government IncentivesGrassland Reserve Program Landowner's Guide to Conservation Buffer Incentive Programs in PA This guide is a compilation of the major federal, state and private voluntary conservation programs that provide financial incentives to private landowners for the installation of conservation buffers in Pennsylvania. Habitat & Wildlife ManagementAlien Plant Invaders of Natural Areas (Fact Sheets) Attracting Wildlife: Sources of Assistance Best Management Practices for Pennsylvania Forests This publication promotes forest stewardship through education, cooperation, and voluntary action Considering Leasing Contracts for CRP Trees http://warnell.forestry.uga.edu/warnell/service/library/index.php3?docID=208 Summary of lease options and considerations of landowners for use when their conservation reserve contract expires. Federal Noxious Weed Database Forest *A* Syst A self-assessment guide for managing your forest for timber production, wildlife, recreation & aesthetics and water quality. Forest Management Alternatives for Landowners This publication will explain many of the forestry alternatives available to you. A forester can help you choose the forestry practices best suited to your timberlands, but you must make the business and financial decisions.Land-Use Considerations What is your primary ownership objective – to produce maximum income, improve Forest Stewardship: Best Management Practices for Pennsylvania Forests GreenInfrastructure.Net http://www.greeninfrastructure.net/ The Mission of GreenInfrastructure.Net is to illustrate that identifying and planning for multi-purpose green space networks rather than on protection of isolated properties dramatically increases the environmental, economic, and health benefits of land conservation. It shows through description, examples, and links to numerous resources how thoughtful conservation planning can provide a framework for smart conservation and smart growth. Invasive Plants Field & Reference Guide An Ecological Perspective of Plant Invaders of Forests & Woodlands. The purpose of this particular field guide is to give a scientific synthesis of what is known about the behavior of such species in managed, disturbed, and pristine forested systems in addition to key information for accurate identification. Landowner's Guide to Wildlife Control & Prevention Laws in Pennsylvania This publication provides basic information for PA landowners regarding their rights to control nuisance wildlife. Landscaping for Wildlife Management Practices for Enhancing Wildlife Habitat Native Trees & Shrubs and their Wildlife Users Plants for Beneficial Insects http://www.audubon.org/bird/at_home/PlantsForBeneficialInsects.html The Dirty Dozen: PA's 12 Worst Invasives Weed Control Methods Handbook: Tools & Techniques for Use in Natural Areas Introduction to Land Trusts & Their WorkIntroduction to Conservation Easements http://conserveland.org/information/con101/conservationeasement A conservation easement is an agreement between a landowner and a land trust or governmental body that limits certain uses on all or a portion of a property while keeping the property in the landowner’s ownership and control. Click on the heading for more information. Introduction to Land Trusts and Their Work http://conserveland.org/information/con101/intro Land trusts are charitable organizations that work cooperatively with landowners to conserve land in the public interest. Click on the heading to read a short essay on land trusts and their work. Land Conservation Strategies http://www.heritageconservancy.org/news/easements.php Conservation Easements Questions & Answers Starting a Land Trust http://conserveland.org/information/con101/starting Click for information on starting a land trust to work to identify and tap the energies and resources of all who are sympathetic to your conservation concerns. Landowner GuidesA Conservation Easement Guide for Landowners The Conservancy’s most common method of land protection is the conservation easement, where alandowner gives up (donates or sells) certain property rights to the land trust in order to protect specific resources. All of LPOSC’s conservation easements have been donated, and most haveresulted in significant tax benefits for the donors. A Guide to the Tax Benefits of Donating a Conservation Easement An introduction to the tax benefits associated with conservation easements A Landowner's Guide: Conservation Easements for Natural Resource Protection http://www.p2pays.org/ref/14/13632.htm This is one of a series of resource papers on proactive strategies for a healthy environment published by the Georgia Environmental Policy Institute and the Georgia Land Trust Service Center. Funding for the first edition of this resource paper was provided by the Lyndhurst Foundation, the Broad River Action Group, the Georgia Civil Justice Foundation, the World Wildlife Fund and the Sonoran Institute. Funding for the second edition was provided by the Georgia Department of Natural Resources. Beyond the Suburbs A Landowners Guide to Conservation Management - The purpose of this guidebook is to give you—the private landholders of Minnesota—a tool for a better understanding of conservation management. Landowner Guide to Buffer Success The purpose of this guide is to to assist landowners in developing a forest buffer that will provide benefits to the landowner, wildlife, stream and the environment as a whole. Landowner's Guide to Wildlife Control & Prevention Laws in Pennsylvania This publication provides basic information for PA landowners regarding their rights to control nuisance wildlife. LTA Fact Sheet - Conservation Easement vs. Deed Restriction This document is one of a series of fact sheets and reference materials produced by the Land Trust Alliance. Please contact us for additional information or to order materials. Working Forest Conservation Easements: A Primer for Landowners http://www.naturalresources.umd.edu/Pages/Workingforestfs/Workingforest.htm If forest landowners want to ensure that their forest stewardship efforts extend beyond their tenure and are available for future generations to use and cherish, they must act responsibly and take charge of the direction and long-term future of their land. The question is how to assure that their property is managed responsibly? There are a variety of estate planning tools available to accomplish this task. A Working Forest Conservation Easement (WFCE) may be the answer. Land Use PlanningActive Living for Social Equity: Creating Health Communities for All Reside This guide serves two main purposes. First, it seeks to provide local government managers, department heads, and staff with a basic understanding of the connections between active living and social equity. Second, it offers a toolbox of local government strategies for addressing these issues. Better Models for Development in Pennsylvania Ideas for creating more livable and prosperous communities. Build Out Analyses Conservation Opportunities for Corridor Preservation & Community Development. Route 41 passes through or near nine communities that contain extensive prime farmland and is under threat from development. This is a buildout analyses for those communities impacted and assists municipalities who want to address increased land development pressures by quantifying the amount of development that current zoning would allow for a 20 year period from 2003-2023. Buy the Best, Zone the Rest Buy the Best, Zone the Rest: Building a Green Future presents Community Development & Smart Growth: Stopping Sprawl at its Source Community Parks and Recreation Handbook http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/brc/Community%20Recreation%20&%20Parks%20Handbook.pdf If you've never provided this service for your municipality, "Community Recreation and Parks" gives you a starting point. If you currently offer some aspects of public recreation and parks, this handbook will help you enhance and expand your services. GIS Analysis of Land Use on the Rural-Urban Fringe The Impact of Land Use and Potential Local Disamenities on Residential Property Values and on the Location of Residential Development in Berks County, Pennsylvania Local Area Plans (Southeastern PA and Southern NJ) http://www.dvrpc.org/planning/community/local.htm In both Pennsylvania and New Jersey, the primary responsibility for land use planning and development decisions rests at the municipal level. As a regional organization, DVRPC is available to facilitate or undertake the preparation of multi-municipal plans, particularly in areas or corridors of new transportation investments. We have assisted the townships and boroughs of our older suburbs to prepare coordinated economic development and revitalization plans for multi-municipal corridors. DVRPC has also worked with local community development corporations and neighborhood associations to prepare comprehensive neighborhood plans. Regional Open Space Priorities Report The Regional Open Space Priorities Report project identifies, prioritizes, and recommends protection strategies for natural resources, agricultural, and recreational lands in the five-county southeastern Pennsylvania area. It encourages partnerships between state, federal, local, and private conservation groups and others to protect critical open spaces in the region while sustaining economic growth. The EAC Handbook http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/brc/EACHB.pdf This booklet provides insight in establishing an Environmental Advisory Council (EAC) in your municipality, its rights and responsibilities, and guidance in making your EAC an effective tool for your community. An EAC is a group of community residents, appointed by the elected officials, to advise them and other municipal officials about the protection, conservation, management, promotion and use of natural resources. Land VoteLand Vote 2002 Report tracking land conservation ballot measures nationwide for 2002 (2003). Land Vote 2003 Report tracking land conservation ballot measures nationwide for 2003 (2004). Land Vote 2004 Report tracking land conservation ballot measures nationwide for 2004 (2005). Land Vote 2005 Report tracking land conservation ballot measures nationwide for 2005 (2006). Land Vote 2006 Report tracking land conservation ballot measures nationwide for 2006 (2007). Liability Associated with Recreational UseEasement Holder Enjoys Same RULWA Immunity as Land Owner http://conserveland.org/features/lilienthal_article An article reprinted from The Legal Intelligencer Online highlights a recent ruling securing liability protection for easement holders who have opened land to the public for recreational uses. (read more) MiscellaneouseNature.com Ishmael Community Theodore Roosevelt Association http://www.theodoreroosevelt.org Great information about Theodore Roosevelt, kids area, school curriculum, and much more National/International OrganizationsAmerican Farmland Trust American Forests http://www.americanforests.org American Forests is the biggest tree-planting conservation organization in the US. American Rivers Biodiversity Project Center for Invasive Plant Management Conservation International Envirolandscaping Environmental Defense Farmland Information Center Land Stewardship Resource Center Land Trust Alliance National Wildlife Federation Natural Resources Defense Council Planned Giving Design Center A national network of hosting organizations that proudly provide over 23,000 members with timely, objective content on the subjects of charitable taxation and planned giving; an engaging community; and a collection of services aimed at facilitating charitable gifts. Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation Sierra Club Smart Growth Network The Network was formed in response to increasing community concerns about the need for new ways to grow that boost the economy, protect the environment, and enhance community vitality. Society for Conservation Biology Teaming with Wildlife The Groundwater Foundation The Izaak Walton League The Trust For Public Land Union of Concerned Scientists World Resources Institute World Wildlife Fund News, Information and CommentaryAlliance for Justice Environmental News Network Funding Open Space http://www.fundingopenspace.org This web site describes Pennsylvania municipal options for financing the protection of open space, describes successful municipal efforts to create dedicated funding for municipal open space programs, and provides links to other relevant information. GreenInstrastructure.net GreenWorks Grist Magazine Invasive Species Invasive Species Initiative (The Nature Conservancy) Living on Earth National Wetland Research Center (USGS) North American Native Plant Society Orion Online Pennsylvania Flora Project Pennsylvania Native Plant Society Pest Detection & Management Programs (USDA) Quality Deer Management Association Non Profit LobbyingElection Year Activities and the Prohibition on Political Campaign Activity http://www.irs.gov/newsroom/article/0,,id=154712,00.html The IRS considers this fact sheet a living document, one that will be revised to take into account future developments and feedback. This fact sheet is the beginning of the IRS effort to increase the educational material available to the community. Fact Sheet: Lobby? You? Yes, Your Nonprofit Organization Can! It Should! Land Trust Alliance Standards & Practices Fact Sheet, 2004 IRS Form 5768 - Expenditures to Influence Legislation LTA Fact Sheet: Lobbying 101 for Land Trusts This document is one of a series of fact sheets and reference materials produced by the Land Trust Alliance. Please contact us for additional information or to order materials. Make A Difference For Your Cause Strategies for nonprofit engagement in legislative activity - this guide is intended to inspire and motivate 501c3 nonprofits to include legislative advocacy as a part of their core activities. NonProfit Lobbying Guide This is a handbook for volunteers and staff of charitable organizations, especially new volunteers and staff, to help them take advantage of the liberal rules for lobbying by charities.* Open Space FinanceConservation Finance http://www.tpl.org/tier2_rp2.cfm?folder_id=708 A section of the Trust for Public Land's web site, housing a manual on how to create dedicated, public, financing for open space protection and land conservation, as well as information about related services offered by TPL, and numerous links to other information. Locally Funded Open Space Programs (Southeastern PA and Southern NJ) http://www.dvrpc.org/planning/environmental/openspace/local.htm The Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission (www.dvrpc.org) maintains this on-line map and written inventory of municipalities in Bucks, Chester, Delaware, Montgomery, and Philadelphia Counties that have approved dedicated public funding of local and county open space programs. The list indicates the amount and type of funding as well when it was approved. Open Space Campaigns on LandSavers.Org http://www.greenworks.tv/landsavers/webcast-openspacecampaign.htm Details the basic elements of a successful campaign to win voter approval of dedicated funding for open space protection and related land conservation, including examples from Pennsylvania municipalities and other links. Open Space Financing 101 http://www.greenworks.tv/landsavers/webcast-openspacefinancing.htm This web page and accompanying webcast describes the ways in which municipalities in Pennsylvania may create dedicated funding for open space protection and land conservation. Public Finance for Open Space: A Guide for Pennsylvania's Municipalities http://www.heritageconservancy.org/news/pdf/Implementing.pdf A detailed manual in Adobe pdf format that describes step-by-step how Pennsylvania's municipal leaders can design and win public approval for dedicated open space funding. Pennsylvania Government AgenciesBureau of Farmland Protection http://sites.state.pa.us/PA_Exec/Agriculture/bureaus/farmland_protection/index.htm Department of Conservation and Natural Resources Department of Environmental Protection Find Your Legislator http://www2.legis.state.pa.us/cfdocs/findyourlegislator/find.cfm Fish & Boat Commission Game Commission House of Representatives http://www2.legis.state.pa.us/cfdocs/memberinfo/representatives_alpha.cfm Land Use in PA (Department of Community & Economic Development) PA Bulletin Online PA Code Online Pennsylvania Greenways Clearinghouse Pennsylvania Natural Heritage Program Pennsylvania natural Heritage Program Pennsylvania's Forest Stewardship Program http://vip.cas.psu.edu/PAprogram.html The Forest Stewardship Program is a voluntary program to help forestland owners learn how to improve and maintain the ecological health of their land. Pennsylvania Wetland Website (DCNR) Pennsylvania Organizations10,000 Friends of Pennsylvania Allegheny Trail Alliance Alliance for the Chesapeake Bay Audubon Society Brandywine Conservancy http://www.brandywineconservancy.org/ Features Web Library of conservation-related documents and reports. Click on "Online Resources" from homepage. Center for Environmental Quality @ Wilkes University Environmental Educational, Laboratory, Research and Technical assistance related to a wide range of environmental projects including land development, stormwater BMP, hydrogeology, watershed issues, water quality monitoring, on-site wastewater disposal, and private well testing, quality, and treatment. Center for Sustainable Communities Chesapeake Bay Foundation Chester County 2020 Friends of Philadelphia Parks Greenspace Alliance of Southern Pennsylvania Green Valleys Association Keystone Conservation Trust http://www.keystoneconservation.org/ Keystone Conservation Trust maximizes the legacy and value that land and property has for us all - individuals, communities, and organizations. We work with individuals to achieve their philanthropic legacy and increase their financial return through their home and property. We unlock new philanthropic capital for organizations. We increase the speed, capacity and quality of conservation success by advancing the best conservation practices. We galvanize strategic collaborations within communities to protect large, critical landscapes. Real estate is our business. Philanthropy and collaboration are our tools. Healthy communities are our goal. Keystone Conservation Trust http://www.keystoneconservation.org/ Keystone Conservation Trust maximizes the legacy and value that land and property has for us all - individuals, communities, and organizations. We work with individuals to achieve their philanthropic legacy and increase their financial return through their home and property. We unlock new philanthropic capital for organizations. We increase the speed, capacity and quality of conservation success by advancing the best conservation practices. We galvanize strategic collaborations within communities to protect large, critical landscapes. Real estate is our business. Philanthropy and collaboration are our tools. Healthy communities are our goal. Land Savers League of Conservation Voters Education Fund Millersville Environmental Institute Morris Arboretum of the University of Pennsylvania North County Trail Association PA Forest Lands Beautification Program PennFuture Penn State Agronomy Guide Pennsylvania Association for Sustainable Agriculture Pennsylvania B.A.S.S. Federation Pennsylvania Biodiversity Partnership Pennsylvania Center for Environmental Education Pennsylvania Environmental Council Pennsylvania Environmental Network (PEN) Pennsylvania Farmland Preservation Association The Pennsylvania Farmland Preservation Association is a non-profit, nonpartisan statewide incorporated association of conservation easement professionals, dedicated to promoting and enhancing the interests of agricultural land preservation in Pennsylvania. Pennsylvania Federation of Sportsman's Clubs Pennsylvania Horticultural Society Pennsylvania Natural Heritage Program http://www.naturalheritage.state.pa.us/ The Pennsylvania Natural Heritage Program (PNHP) is a member of NatureServe, an international network of natural heritage programs that gather and provide information on the location and status of important ecological resources (plants, vertebrates, invertebrates, natural communities and geologic features). Pennsylvania Recreation and Park Society Pennsylvania Resources Council Pennsylvania's Greenway Clearinghouse Pennsylvania Trout Pennsylvania Wildlands Recovery Project Pinchot Institute for Conservation POWR (Pennsylvania Organization for Watersheds and Rivers) Rails-to-Trails, Pennsylvania Field Office South Central Assembly for Effective Government Sustainable Pittsburgh Public FinanceCosts & Revenues of Residential Development A Workbook for Citzens & Officials - This workbook is intended to help you conduct an economic analysis of a specific proposed residential development in your own community, using the Per Capita Multiplier method of analysis to predict the impacts on your school district and township or borough government. in terms of market values) ● School district earned income tax rate ● Township or borough real property equalized tax rate Designing Conservation Finance Ballot Measures in New York State A Guide for Town Government Officials Implementing a Municipal Open Space Program: A Guide for Pennsylvania's Municipalities http://www.heritageconservancy.org/news/pdf/Implementing.pdf This 36-page report in Adobe pdf format is intended to provide municipal officials with basic information related to planning for and implementing an effective open space program. Land Value Taxation and Eco-taxation: Their Social and Economic Inter-relat This Report is a preliminary exploration of the inter-relationship between two forms of taxation: the long established land value taxation an the recently emerging eco-taxation. The exploration starts with comparing the distinct nature of the two forms and then the link between them. Public Finance for Open Space: A Guide for Pennsylvania's Municipalities The Conservation Finance Handbook: How Communities are Paying for Parks and Land Conservation http://www.tpl.org/tier2_rp2.cfm?folder_id=708 Between 1996 and 2002, the Trust for Public Land’s Conservation Finance Program helped states and communities design and promote ballot measures that created more than $25 billion in new park and open space funding. Out of the program’s experience comes a handbook that explains the complex process of securing federal, state and private conservation funds, including how to research and design a local, voter-approved conservation finance measure.156 pages. Public OpinionLandVote 2004 http://www.lta.org/publicpolicy/landvote2004.htm The Trust for Public Land and the Land Trust Alliance are pleased to present LandVote 2004, our annual report detailing the year's conservation ballot measures. In 2004, state and local voters approved 75 percent of the 217 conservation measures on ballots nationwide, generating $4 billion in new conservation funding and continuing a rate of success that has been consistent since 1996. Leading the way were county measures, which enjoyed an almost 80 percent passage rate and accounted for nearly three quarters of total new conservation funding. LandVote 2005 The Trust for Public Land and the Land Trust Alliance are pleased to present LandVote 2005, our annual report detailing the year's conservation ballot measures. LandVote 2006 The Trust for Public Land and the Land Trust Alliance are pleased to present LandVote 2006, our annual report detailing the year's conservation ballot measures. Livable Places: How Protecting Land Benefits Us All Evidence from a Trust for Public Land report suggests that parks and natural areas are an investment yielding important benefits, such as: Economic, Improved public health, Strengthened neighborhoods, Environmental protection, and Preservation of natural beauty. Research Papers2001 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting & Wild-life Associated Recreation The 2001 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation is a partnership effort with the States and national conservation organizations, and has become one of the most important sources of information on fish and wildlife recreation in the United Active Living for Social Equity: Creating Health Communities for All Reside This guide serves two main purposes. First, it seeks to provide local government managers, department heads, and staff with a basic understanding of the connections between active living and social equity. Second, it offers a toolbox of local government strategies for addressing these issues. An Ecological & Physical Investigation of Pittsburgh's Hillsides Hillside slopes are both natural and man-made, the latter resulting from cuts for highways, railroads, developments, and mining. The variety of slopes and associated landscape features, such as vegetative cover and streams, define the topographic relief of an area. Each element of relief - slopes, cover and streams - can have different roles in defining a landscape, although they are often tightly associated. The character of the slopes - steepness, elevation, geophysical composition - and local ecological conditions – rainfall, climate - will define the vegetation and hydrology of the landscape. Consequently, one must consider the complete ecological complex associated with hillsides, not just the steepness of its slopes. It is this comecological functions and produces valuable services. Capitalization of Open Spaces into Housing Values... & the Residential Property Tax Revenue Impacts of Agricultural Easement Programs Economic Benefits of Open Space Report (1999) http://www.tpl.org/tier3_cd.cfm?content_item_id=1195&folder_id=727 Economic Impacts of Protecting Rivers, Trails & Greenway Corridors The Rivers, Trails and Conservation Assistance (RTCA) program of the National Park Service has produced this Resource Book to help local-level planners, park and recreation administrators, citizen activists, and non-profit groups understand and communicate the potential economic impacts of their proposed or existing corridor project. Economics of Open Space Conservation http://www.birds.cornell.edu/pifcapemay/kerlinger.htm This paper is meant to serve as a primer, and is applicable primarily to suburban and rural areas, where many open-space conservation battles are being fought. Although I have not provided a detailed "how to" for the reader, it should be obvious how economic arguments can be integrated into open-space conservation strategies. Environmental Benefits of Agricultural Lands Greenways 101 http://www.pagreenways.org/greenways101.htm Learn about the importance and value of greenways to every community in Pennsylvania, from rural to urban. A primer on greenways and their benefits. LTA Fact Sheet: Economic Benefits of Open Space Protection This document is one of a series of fact sheets and reference materials produced by the Land Trust Alliance. Please contact LTA for additional information or to order materials. Measuring the Health Effects of Sprawl A National Analysis of Physical Activity, Obesity and Chronic Disease Participation in Agricultural Land Preservation Programs This paper focuses on empirical participation patterns across two quality dimensions: (a) conversion risk from exogenous development pressure, and (b) environmental quality. Real Estate Impact Review of Parks & Recreation Economics Research Associates (ERA) was engaged by the Illinois Association of Park Districts (IAPD) to highlight current research literature relating to the real estate impacts generated by proximity to parks and recreation in Illinois. Relationship Between Urban Sprawl and Physical Activty, Obesity & Morbidty This ecologic study reveals that urban form could be significantly associated with some forms of physical activity and some health outcomes. More research is needed to refine measures of urban form, improve measures of physical activity, and control for other individual and environmental influences on physical activity, obesity, and related health outcomes.mains completely inactive during their leisure time.2,3 One consequence of physical inactivity—obesity—has reached epidemic Sprawl Costs Us All How Uncontrolled Sprawl Increases Your Property Taxes & Threatens Your Quality of Life The Economic Benefits of Land Conservation, 2007 This book presents their quantitative and authoritative research on the economic benefits of land conservation. It brings together for the first time scientists, economists, and researchers from all sectors—academia, government, nonprofits, and industry—to summarize the best current studies, to present new original research, and to suggest areas for further inquiry into the economic benefits of land conservation. The Health Benefits of Parks This paper discusses how the structure of communities contributes to health, and is a resource for government and volunteer leaders in making the case that parks and open space are essential to the health and well-being of all Americans The Impact of Open Space and Potential Local Disamenities on Residential... This research project estimated the impact that surrounding land use and potential local disamenities have on residential property values in Berks County, Pennsylvania, based on 8,090 single family houses sold between 1998 and 2002. Information on surrounding land use, proximity to potential local disamenities, and structural attributes of the houses were used to explain variation in house prices. Within 400 meters of the house, the land use that has the most positive impact on house price was open space, followed by large-lot single family residential land. The Rationale for Protecting Farmland The Value of Open Space: Evidence from Studies of Nonmarket Benefits This paper reviews the now quite extensive economics literature on the value of open space. This study covers more than 60 articles that use the various methodologies, published during the past roughly 25 years. The analysis focuses primarily on the value of open space in and around urbanized areas, including parks, greenbelts, natural areas and wildlife habitats, wetlands, and farmland. Urban Ecosystem Analysis Delaware Valley Region: Calculating the Value of Nature American Forests analyzed the Delaware Valley region to provide community leaders with detailed information about the region's tree cover and its environmental and economic impacts. Why America Needs More City Parks & Open Space Riparian BufferA Model Riparian Buffer Implementation Plan This document will outline the general guidelines for the design & implemetnation of a riparian buffer. Produced for municipalities in Marquette County, Michigan. Chesapeake Bay Riparian Handbook Guide for establishing & Maintaining Riparian Forest Buffers Forest Riparian Buffer Model Ordinance This model ordinance is intended to assist municipalities in the Commonwealth with caring for the the quality of the environment and life of wildlife within their jurisdictions. Reproduction, circulation and other use of this document is permitted and encouraged. Riparian Buffer Preservation http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/brc/grants A variety of preservation tools are available to interested communities and landowners to guide and limit development along stream corridors. These tools can be designed to fit local conditions. Riparian Forest Restoration An article studying the increased rate of forest restoration by reducing plant competition. Streamside Stewardship Guide This booklet reviews simple stream stewardship tips that can help you reduce Sample BylawsFarm & Natural Lands Trust of York County These Bylaws constitute the code of rules adopted by the Farm & Natural Lands Trust for the regulation and management of its affairs. Last amended February 2002. Lancaster Farmland Trust Bylaws bylaws of land trust organization that focuses primarily on farmland preservation in Lancaster County, PA. Saving Land Saves Tax DollarsCost of Community Services: Hopewell Township, York County, Pennsylvania This March 2002 report found that for every $1.00 in revenues received from farm, forest, and other open land properties in the Township, only $0.59 was spent in providing municipal services. The Township made a $0.41 profit on every $1 received from open space. This finding is particularly noteworthy considering that the municipality had focused its highway department expenditures on its rural roads during the year of the study. 19 pages. Cost of Community Services (Route 41 Corridor) Conservation Opportunities for Corridor Preservation & Community Developmnet. Route 41 passes through or near nine communities that contain extensive prime farmland, which is under threat by future development. This study address such questions as (1) How does this growth affect the ability of local governments and school districts to deliver services? and (2) What are the impacts to the financial management and tax structures for the residents of these municipalities and their associated school districts? Cost of Community Services: Shrewsbury Township, York County, Pennsylvania This March 2002 report found that for every $1.00 in revenues received from farm, forest, and other open land properties in the Township, only $0.17 was spent in providing municipal services. The Township made a $0.83 profit on every $1 received from open space. 17 pages. Fiscal Impacts of Different Land Uses These impacts are significant not only because they affect taxpayers and local residents, but because they affect the ability of local government to respond to the needs of its citizens. Identifying the impacts of different land uses will help you recognize what types of land development and uses should be encouraged in your municipality, and what types should be treated cautiously. Rural Transportation Corridors Conservation Opportunities for Corridor Preservation & Community Development. Route 41 passes through or near nine communities that contain extensive prime farmland, currently threatened by development. Saving Land Saves Money Although the primary reason to protect important parts of the community is to ensure a high quality of life, saving land saves money for taxpayers. Land preservation is an investment in your community’s future—providing both financial and quality of life dividends. 12 pages. Understanding the Cost to Provide Community Services in the Town of Holland Cost of community services (COCS) studies are undertaken to examine the fiscal contribution of various land uses in a community during a single year. The COCS approach works by allocating revenues and expenditures found in the local government budgets to the land uses from which they were generated. walkertwp_cocs.pdf This paper presents the results from a land use and community service study conducted in Walker Township (Centre County), which investigated the relationship between land uses and local government expenditures and revenues. It compares the local government and school district revenues provided by different land uses with the cost of providing services to those land uses. The study followed the methodology of similar studies by the American Farmland Trust. Four land uses were considered: Residential land, Industrial land, Commercial land, and Agricultural land. The definitions follow Pennsylvania tax assessment conventions, with one exception. The buildings and homes on farms (the homestead) were treated as residential properties. Land without buildings on farms was categorized as Agricultural land. This was done to make the study consistent with the earlier American Farmland Trust studies. Standards & PracticesConservation Capacity and Enforcement Capability How well are you meeting your commitment to protect in perpetuity the conservation values of your fee lands and easement holdings? Is your stewardship fund adequate? What should you be doing regarding enforcement funds? Download LTA’s newest report. Good Governance Practices for 501c3 Organizations The Internal Revenue Service suggests that organizations review and consider the following to help ensure that directors understand their roles and responsibilities and actively promote good governance practices. Land Trust Standards & Practices (2004) http://conserveland.org/ltsc/tbs/ltasp_2004 There are several fundamental elements to running an effective, sustainable land trust organization. The Land Trust Alliance, a national organization which serves the land trust community, has compiled these fundamentals into a guidebook. Standards & Practices Curriculum (Land Trust Alliance)Avoiding Conflicts of Interest and Running an Ethical Land Trust This student guide is part of the Land Trust Alliance's Standards & Practices Curriculum and is designed to provided guidance and tools to implement practices 1D, 4A, and 4c. Evaluating & Selecting Conservation Proejcts This student guide is part of the Land Trust Alliance's Standards & Practices Curriculum and is designed to provided guidance and tools to implement practices 8B, 8D, 8E and 8G. Land Trust Boards Preparign for Perpetuity This student guide is part of the Land Trust Alliance's Standards & Practices Curriculum and is designed to provided guidance and tools to implement practices 2B, 3B, 3C and 3F. State Conservation Tax CreditsState Conservation Tax Credits Impact and Analysis This report assesses the effectiveness of state income tax credits for land conservation and provides a guide to issues related to the development of tax credit programs. Strategic Conservation PlanningA Methodology for Valuing Town Conservation Land This paper presents a methodology for rating existing or potential conservation land according to ten criteria weighted to reflect the needs of the local community in which the land is located. The ratings may be used to determine priority for public acquisition. GreenPlan for Southeastern Pennsylvania http://www.greenspacealliance.info/conservation/linkpages/green_plan.htm#Benefits Greenspace Legacy: A Call to Action in Southeastern Pennsylvania http://www.greenspacealliance.info/conservation/GreenSpaceLegacyCallToAction.pdf 1994 - Adobe pdf file describes the benefits and threat to open space in Southeastern Pennsylvania and outlines some basic ways to protect land and promote compact, environmentally-sound development. Gives some basic statistics about open space in metropolitan Philadelphia. Growing with Green Infrastructure http://www.heritageconservancy.org/news/pdf/green_infra.pdf Twenty page manual defines "green infratructure" and lays out a six step process for a community to follow that wants to protect the critical open spaces needed for ecological, economic and human health. PA Rivers Registry - Online Rivers Conservation Plans http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/brc/rivers/riversconservation/registry/ The PA Rivers Registry contains links to full-length, on-line versions of PA Rivers Conservation Plans (Adobe .pdf format) approved by PA DCNR. Each plan is a locally-developed, watershed-based land and water conservation strategy that includes maps and inventories showing zoning, land use patterns, existing natural, historic and other relevant resources, analysis of the current condition of land and water resources, descriptions of threats to local land and water resources, Management options as well as recommendations for protecting or increasing awareness of those resources (land acquisition, facilities development, habitat restoration, educational initiatives, additional planning, etc.). Municipalities and qualified non-profits are eligible for state funds to implement recommendations from approved plans. Smart Growth for Clean Water Helping Communities Address the Water Quality Impacts of Sprawl Southeastern Pennsylvania Protected Lands Inventory |